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Genome-wide association study of pathological gambling.

M Lang1, T Leménager2, F Streit1

  • 1Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty, Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

European Psychiatry : the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
|June 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study explored genetic links to pathological gambling, finding no single gene associations but identifying significant pathways like Huntington's disease. It also suggests a genetic overlap between gambling disorder and alcohol dependence.

Keywords:
AddictionAssociationGamblingGeneticsGenome-wide

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Pathological gambling is a behavioral addiction with severe consequences.
  • Understanding its genetic basis is crucial for developing effective therapies and prevention strategies.
  • This is the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) specifically on pathological gambling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify biological pathways implicated in pathological gambling.
  • To investigate potential genetic overlap between pathological gambling and alcohol dependence.
  • To advance the understanding of the etiology of gambling disorder.

Main Methods:

  • A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on 445 individuals diagnosed with pathological gambling and 986 controls from Germany.
  • Analyses included single marker, gene-based, and pathway-level investigations.
  • Polygenic risk scores were calculated using data from a GWAS of alcohol dependence.

Main Results:

  • No single genetic markers or genes showed genome-wide significant association with pathological gambling.
  • Significant pathway associations were found for Huntington's disease, 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling, and apoptosis.
  • Polygenic risk score analysis indicated a nominally significant genetic overlap between pathological gambling and alcohol dependence.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support previous research on shared genetic factors between substance and non-substance-related addictions.
  • Pathway analysis suggests a potential shared pathology between Huntington's disease and pathological gambling, consistent with prior neuroimaging studies.
  • This research contributes to understanding the complex genetic underpinnings of behavioral addictions.