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Published on: July 30, 2014
ADP-Ribosylation and Cross-Linking of Actin by Bacterial Protein Toxins
Klaus Aktories1,2, Carsten Schwan3, Alexander E Lang3
1Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany. klaus.aktories@pharmakol.uni-freiburg.de.
Abstract:
Actin and the actin cytoskeleton play fundamental roles in host-pathogen interactions. Proper function of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial for innate and acquired immune defense. Bacterial toxins attack the actin cytoskeleton by targeting regulators of actin. Moreover, actin is directly modified by various bacterial protein toxins and effectors, which cause ADP-ribosylation or cross-linking of actin. Modification of actin can result in inhibition or stimulation of actin polymerization. Toxins, acting directly on actin, are reviewed.
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