Progress, challenges and perspectives on fish gamete cryopreservation: A mini-review

Area of Science:

• Aquaculture and Biotechnology
• Reproductive Biology
• Cryobiology

Background:

• Cryopreservation protocols for fish gametes are established for various species, notably freshwater salmonids and cyprinids.
• Significant advancements in sperm freezing methods have occurred over recent decades.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of the current state of fish gamete cryopreservation research.
• To identify key challenges and future perspectives in the field.
• To guide readers to more detailed scientific literature.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on fish gamete cryopreservation techniques.
• Analysis of applications in aquaculture, biotechnology, and conservation.
• Identification of current challenges and future research directions.

Main Results:

• Established cryopreservation protocols exist for numerous fish species, particularly salmonids and cyprinids.
• Sperm freezing techniques have seen considerable progress, enabling diverse applications.
• Key applications include aquaculture genetic programs, broodstock management, and preserving endangered species.

Conclusions:

• Fish gamete cryopreservation is a vital tool for aquaculture, biotechnology, and conservation efforts.
• Continued research is necessary to overcome existing challenges and expand applications.
• The field offers promising perspectives for genetic resource management and species preservation.