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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Visualizing Motion Patterns in Acupuncture Manipulation
Published on: July 16, 2016
Risks in teaching manipulation techniques in master programmes
Jan Pool1, Barbara Cagnie2, Annelies Pool-Goudzwaard3
1University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
High Velocity Techniques (HVT) in the (high) cervical spine are part of the standard curricula of manual therapy educational programmes. Little is known about the risk or the presence of adverse events during skills training sessions. This article describes two cases of students with both being at risk for an adverse event; one with a congenital artery aberration and one with cancer in the high cervical region. Teachers and educational programme developers should take risk management into account when teaching HVT.
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