Physical activity patterns and gestational diabetes outcomes - The wings project

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Endocrinology
• Public Health

Background:

• Physical activity (PA) is crucial during pregnancy, yet many women, particularly those with gestational diabetes (GDM), exhibit insufficient levels.
• Sedentary behavior in pregnant women with GDM is linked to poorer glycemic control and adverse neonatal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare physical activity (PA) patterns between pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes (GDM).
• To evaluate the impact of a culturally appropriate intervention (WINGS-MOC) on PA, glycemic control, and pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM.

Main Methods:

• PA patterns were assessed in 795 pregnant women (with and without GDM) using questionnaires and pedometers.
• The WINGS-MOC intervention was implemented in 151 women with GDM, evaluating changes in PA, glycemic parameters, and neonatal outcomes.

Main Results:

• Only 10% of pregnant women met recommended PA levels; women with GDM were significantly more sedentary (86.2% vs. 61.2%).
• The WINGS-MOC intervention increased moderate activity (15.2% to 26.5%), decreased sedentary behavior (84.8% to 73.5%), and increased daily steps (2206 to 2476).
• Significant reductions in fasting and postprandial glucose were observed, with sedentary behavior associated with a fourfold higher risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Pregnant women, including those with GDM, exhibit inadequate physical activity levels.
• A low-cost, culturally sensitive intervention (WINGS-MOC) effectively improves PA in women with GDM.
• Improvements in PA are linked to better glycemic control and a reduced risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.