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A staging system for gluteal foreign body reaction to injectables
Rebecca C Novo1, Christopher J Salgado1, Elizabeth Yim2
1Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Summary
This study developed a reliable staging system for gluteal foreign body reactions following cosmetic injections. The system demonstrates high observer reliability, enabling a standardized treatment algorithm for improved outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Dermatology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Gluteal augmentation via injections can cause complications like pain, infection, and scarring.
- A standardized approach for managing gluteal foreign body reactions (FBR) is currently lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a reproducible staging system for gluteal foreign body reactions.
- To establish a treatment algorithm based on the proposed staging system.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 40 patients with gluteal injection complications (Sept 2010 - May 2014).
- Development of a staging system based on patient symptoms, imaging, and photographs.
- Assessment of staging system reliability using inter- and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) by five independent observers.
Main Results:
- The developed staging system classified patients into Stage I (7), Stage IIa (15), Stage IIb (9), and Stage III (9).
- High intra-rater reliability (ICC 0.96-0.98) was achieved among independent observers.
- The staging system proved reproducible and reliable for classifying gluteal foreign body reactions.
Conclusions:
- The proposed staging system for gluteal foreign body reactions is reliable and reproducible.
- Implementation of a stage-dependent treatment strategy can optimize functional and esthetic results.
- This system provides a guideline for managing complications from gluteal injectables.