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Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

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6.9K
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

12.8K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
1.1K
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

732
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

393
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
393
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

3.0K
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid
09:41

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid

Published on: October 30, 2010

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Localized mediastinal amyloidosis: A misnomer?

Michael Hoch, Congli Wang, Dina Caroline

    Radiology Case Reports
    |June 22, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details a rare case of mediastinal amyloidosis, a condition of abnormal protein buildup. Localized amyloidosis may represent a distinct subtype with a potentially better prognosis than systemic forms.

    Area of Science:

    • Medicine
    • Pathology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Amyloidosis involves abnormal protein folding and deposition in tissues, causing diverse clinical symptoms.
    • Systemic amyloidosis affects multiple organs, while localized forms are less common.
    • Mediastinal amyloidosis, particularly without lung involvement, is exceptionally rare.

    Observation:

    • A 75-year-old male presented with fatigue and shortness of breath.
    • Imaging revealed amyloidosis isolated to the mediastinum, a highly unusual presentation.
    • The case highlights atypical features of amyloidosis.

    Findings:

    • Localized mediastinal amyloidosis can manifest as amyloidomas.
    • This subtype may have a better prognosis compared to classic systemic amyloidosis.
    Keywords:
    CT, computed tomography

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    Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

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    Visualization of Amyloid &#946; Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry
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  • Radiologic and pathologic features of this rare condition are described.

    • Implications:

    • Recognizing localized mediastinal amyloidosis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and prognosis.
    • This distinct clinical subtype warrants further investigation.
    • Understanding rare presentations of amyloidosis improves patient management and outcomes.