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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

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Robotic-Assisted Knee Arthroplasty: An Overview.

Jelle P van der List1, Harshvardhan Chawla, Andrew D Pearle

  • 1Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY. vanderlistj@hss.edu.

American Journal of Orthopedics (Belle Mead, N.J.)
|June 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty offers improved precision in controlling surgical variables compared to traditional methods. However, more research is needed to confirm if this enhanced accuracy translates to better long-term patient outcomes and survival rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Robotics in Medicine

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis treatment commonly involves unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty.
  • Improving implant survivorship necessitates precise intraoperative control of factors like alignment, soft tissue balance, and component positioning.
  • Computer-assisted surgery systems have emerged to enhance control over these critical surgical variables.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role and effectiveness of robotic-assisted systems in knee arthroplasty.
  • To compare the precision of robotic systems against conventional manual surgical techniques.
  • To review the current evidence on survivorship and functional outcomes of robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty.

Main Methods:

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  • Review of existing literature on robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty systems (active, semi-active, passive).
  • Analysis of the variables controlled by these systems, including leg alignment, soft tissue balance, and component placement.
  • Comparison of robotic system accuracy and reliability with conventional surgical methods.

    • Main Results:

    • Robotic-assisted systems demonstrate accurate and reliable control over key intraoperative variables in knee arthroplasty.
    • These systems show superior accuracy and reliability in variable control compared to conventional manual surgery.
    • Limited studies exist on survivorship and functional outcomes, with no adequately powered comparative studies identified.

    Conclusions:

    • Robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty systems offer enhanced precision in controlling critical surgical parameters.
    • Preliminary findings suggest promising outcomes, but further robust research is required.
    • Long-term comparative studies are essential to determine if robotic assistance leads to improved patient survivorship and functional results.