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Histology of the Uterus

Histology of the Uterus

The uterine wall consists of three histological layers: the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium. The outermost perimetrium is a thin, serous membrane connected with the broad ligament on the sides, which helps anchor the uterus in the pelvic cavity. The thickest layer, myometrium, is mainly made up of smooth muscle tissue bundles. Its contractions are vital in facilitating the expulsion of the uterine lining, fetus, and placenta during menstruation and childbirth.
The endometrium is the...

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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

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Abdominal scar endometriosis: case report.

M Miccini, M Gregori, D Ferraro

Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology

|June 23, 2016

Summary

Abdominal scar endometriosis is a rare condition where endometrial tissue grows in surgical incisions after gynecological or obstetric procedures. Diagnosis can be challenging, often requiring surgical excision and histological confirmation.

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Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

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Area of Science:

Gynecology
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Abdominal scar endometriosis is a rare complication following gynecological or obstetric surgery.
It involves endometrial tissue implantation within or near surgical abdominal incisions.

Observation:

A 39-year-old woman presented with a palpable mass and pain at a Pfannenstiel incision site after three cesarean sections.
The clinical presentation mimicked other conditions, complicating preoperative diagnosis.

Findings:

Surgical excision of the abdominal mass was performed.
Histological examination confirmed the presence of endometrial tissue, establishing the diagnosis of abdominal scar endometriosis.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of considering scar endometriosis in the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses with cyclic pain.
Surgical excision and histopathology are crucial for definitive diagnosis and management of this rare condition.