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Related Concept Videos

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Synthesis and Functionalization of 3D Nano-graphene Materials: Graphene Aerogels and Graphene Macro Assemblies
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Covalently Functionalized Graphene by Radical Polymers for Graphene-Based High-Performance Cathode Materials.

Yongjun Li1, Zukai Jian1,2, Meidong Lang2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Graphene-graft-poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl-4-yl methacrylate) (G-g-PTMA) composite cathodes show high capacity for lithium storage. This is due to G-g-PTMA

Keywords:
cathodecomposite materialcovalent functionalizationgrapheneradical polymer

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Polymer-functionalized graphene sheets are crucial for composite materials.
  • Graphene-graft-poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl-4-yl methacrylate) (G-g-PTMA) is a novel functionalized graphene sheet.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare G-g-PTMA via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
  • To fabricate a composite cathode using G-g-PTMA and reduced graphene oxide (RGO).
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance of the G-g-PTMA composite cathode for lithium storage.

Main Methods:

  • Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) for G-g-PTMA synthesis.
  • Fabrication of a composite cathode via a dispersing-depositing process.
  • Electrochemical performance testing, including specific capacity measurement.

Main Results:

  • G-g-PTMA composite cathode achieved a high specific capacity of 466 mAh g(-1) (based on PTMA mass).
  • The capacity significantly exceeded the theoretical capacity of PTMA.
  • The performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of G-g-PTMA's redox activity and RGO's surface Faradaic reactions.

Conclusions:

  • G-g-PTMA exhibits excellent electrochemical performance in composite cathodes.
  • G-g-PTMA acts as both an active material and a performance enhancer for RGO.
  • This study highlights the potential of G-g-PTMA for advanced energy storage applications.