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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Methodology for Developing Life Tables for Sessile Insects in the Field Using the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, in Cotton As a Model System

Methodology for Developing Life Tables for Sessile Insects in the Field Using the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, in Cotton As a Model System

Published on: November 1, 2017

Optimal Cotton Insecticide Application Termination Timing: A Meta-Analysis.

T W Griffin¹, S D Zapata²

¹Department of Agricultural Economics, Kansas State University, 342 Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 (spaceplowboy@gmail.com), spaceplowboy@gmail.com.

Journal of Economic Entomology

|June 23, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing insecticide use in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) can save costs. Applying insecticides later than 159 heat units after the fifth position above white flower (NAWF5) may be excessive, impacting profits and the environment.

Keywords:

cotton insect field & forage crop pest control plant insect

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Entomology
Agronomy

Background:

Insecticide termination timing in cotton production is debated.
Uncertainty exists regarding the last economic application for key fruit-feeding pests.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine optimal insecticide termination timing in cotton using a meta-analytic approach.
To analyze the relationship between termination timing, yield potential, and economic profitability.

Main Methods:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of nine prior studies.
Integration of stochastic plateau theory with econometric meta-analysis.
Analysis of 247 trial observations from 53 field experiments.

Main Results:

Current university recommendations (194 HU after NAWF5) are later than optimal.
Optimal timing estimated at 159 HU after NAWF5, differing significantly from status quo.
Each day of extended application up to the plateau increased yield by 0.27 kg/ha.

Conclusions:

Over-application of insecticides beyond 159 HU after NAWF5 incurs unnecessary costs.
Profit-maximizing producers may stop applications as early as 124 HU after NAWF5.
Findings support improved input management for increased economic and environmental efficiency.