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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Endoscopic Approaches to the Frontal Sinus: Modifications of the Existing Techniques and Proposed Classification
Jean Anderson Eloy1, Alejandro Vázquez2, James K Liu3
1Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 90 Bergen Street, Suite 8100, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
Abstract:
Frontal sinus surgery has long been technically challenging in terms of access and chronic disease management. Decades of experience and advances in technology have led to the widespread use of various surgical approaches to the frontal sinus. Modifications to these existing procedures have been described to minimize unnecessarily invasive approaches. The lack of a classification that incorporates the newly described modifications prompts the proposal of a new classification. Eloy I-III incorporates all the previously described approaches as well as 3 recently published, and 1 newly described, procedures.

