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Assessing the Accuracy of Fitness Smartwatch Data for Cardiovascular and Physical Activity Monitoring: A Validation Study in Digital Health
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Feedback from physical activity monitors is not compatible with current recommendations: A recalibration study.

Dylan Thompson1, Alan M Batterham2, Oliver J Peacock1

  • 1Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.

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|June 23, 2016
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Summary

Wearable device feedback on physical activity is currently incompatible with health guidelines. Recalibrating recommendations to include lifestyle activity suggests ~1000 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity weekly is needed.

Keywords:
ExercisePhysical activity energy expenditurePhysical activity monitoringPhysical activity recommendationsPhysical activity status

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Exercise Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Wearable devices for self-monitoring physical activity are widely used for chronic disease prevention.
  • Current physical activity guidelines are difficult to reconcile with device feedback due to recommendations exceeding normal lifestyle activity.
  • This discrepancy can lead to misinterpretation of activity levels by users.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To recalibrate feedback from wearable devices to align with established physical activity recommendations.
  • To determine the actual volume of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) needed to meet public health guidelines when accounting for lifestyle activity.
  • To address the incompatibility between self-monitoring device data and current exercise targets.

Main Methods:

  • Pooled data from four studies (2006-2014) involving 305 participants (patients and community volunteers).
  • Utilized sophisticated measures of physical activity and 10-year cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk assessment.
  • Determined MVPA corresponding to a Physical Activity Level (PAL) of 1.75, based on FAO/WHO/UNU guidance.

Main Results:

  • At the UK median PAL, total weekly MVPA was approximately 735 minutes (~11% of waking time).
  • Achieving standardized FAO/WHO/UNU guidance requires an estimated 1000 minutes of MVPA per week (~15% of waking time).
  • This represents a ~4% increase in MVPA compared to the median lifestyle activity levels.

Conclusions:

  • Feedback from current wearable devices is incompatible with existing physical activity recommendations without adjustment.
  • Users may erroneously believe they are exceeding guidelines significantly due to the discrepancy.
  • A revised target of ~1000 minutes of MVPA per week is proposed for self-monitoring to accurately reflect public health goals.