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Using Ustilago maydis as a Trojan Horse for In Situ Delivery of Maize Proteins

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Published on: February 8, 2019

Intraguild Competition of Three Noctuid Maize Pests.

J P F Bentivenha¹, E L L Baldin², T E Hunt³

¹Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil 18610-307 (jpgfdsilva@gmail.com; elbaldin@fca.unesp.br) jpgfdsilva@gmail.com.

Environmental Entomology

|June 23, 2016

Summary

Intraguild competition among maize pests Striacosta albicosta, Spodoptera frugiperda, and Helicoverpa zea on non-Bt maize shows Spodoptera frugiperda has a competitive advantage. Striacosta albicosta experiences reduced survival when competing with other species.

Keywords:

cannibalism corn earworm fall armyworm intraguild predation western bean cutworm

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A Rapid and Efficient Method for Assessing Pathogenicity of Ustilago maydis on Maize and Teosinte Lines

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Published on: January 3, 2014

Area of Science:

Agricultural Entomology
Insect Ecology
Pest Management

Background:

Maize production in the U.S. is significantly impacted by lepidopteran pests, including the western bean cutworm (Striacosta albicosta), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), and corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea).
These species belong to the same feeding guild, competing for resources and potentially influencing each other's populations within maize agroecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the intraguild competition dynamics among S. albicosta, S. frugiperda, and H. zea on non-Bt maize.
To determine the influence of competition, cannibalism, and predation on the survival and development of these key maize pests.

Main Methods:

Larval survival analysis under laboratory and field conditions in competition arenas with maize silk or ear tissue.
Fitness cost studies examining intraguild competition, cannibalism, and predation rates.
Comparison of survival across different larval developmental stages and competitor densities.

Main Results:

Striacosta albicosta survival was significantly reduced when competing with S. frugiperda or H. zea, even at more advanced larval stages.
Spodoptera frugiperda exhibited high survival across most competition scenarios, except when competing with smaller H. zea larvae.
Helicoverpa zea displayed high cannibalism rates and better survival against S. albicosta than S. frugiperda, with reduced survival when competing with similar-sized or larger conspecifics.

Conclusions:

Spodoptera frugiperda demonstrates a competitive advantage over S. albicosta and H. zea in intraguild competition on non-Bt maize.
Absence of competitors confers a developmental advantage to S. frugiperda and H. zea, highlighting the importance of interspecific interactions in pest population dynamics.
Striacosta albicosta is at a competitive disadvantage, suggesting potential management strategies could target this species' interactions with other noctuid pests.