Hemoglobinopathies in a general and family practice setting

Area of Science:

• Medical Genetics
• Public Health
• Family Medicine

Background:

• Sickle cell trait (Hb-AS) prevalence differs geographically among Black populations in North America.
• The average Hb-AS gene frequency in the US is 8%, but higher rates have been observed in specific regions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence of sickle cell trait in Selma, Alabama, and a family practice residency program.
• To assess the role of screening programs and physician training in managing sickle cell trait and related hemoglobinopathies.

Main Methods:

• Community-based screening during a health fair in Selma, Alabama.
• Screening within an accredited family practice residency program.
• Implementation of a training program for resident physicians and patient counseling.

Main Results:

• Preliminary studies in Selma, AL, revealed a sickle cell gene frequency of 15.96%.
• An intermediate frequency of 12.4% was identified in the family practice center.
• Screening detected sickle cell trait, enabling targeted counseling and education.

Conclusions:

• Laboratory screening for sickle cell trait is a vital initial step.
• Family physicians and general practitioners play a key role in genetic counseling and patient care.
• Integrating screening and training into family practice residency programs can improve management of hemoglobinopathies.