Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

8.1K
The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...
8.1K
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

10.8K
Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
10.8K
Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

17.5K
Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
17.5K
Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

178.5K
Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
178.5K
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

4.3K
Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
4.3K
Membrane Lipids01:32

Membrane Lipids

35.3K
Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...
35.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

CHARMM-GUI <i>Ligand Docker</i> for Molecular Docking with Various Docking Programs.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2026
Same author

Molecular Modeling and Dynamics of a Complete Connexin-43 Gap Junction Channel in Various Phosphorylation States.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same author

CHARMM-GUI Hybrid ML/MM Builder for Hybrid Machine Learning and Molecular Mechanical Modeling and Simulations.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2026
Same author

Substrate-Directed Dimensional and Phase Control of Peptide Assemblies on Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Coarse-Grained Simulations of Mycobacterial Outer Membranes Reveal Fluidity-Dependent PDIM Redistribution Across Different Lipid Environments.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

ST-Analyzer: A Packaged Web and Command-Line Interface for Simulation Trajectory Analysis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis
07:31

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis

Published on: July 16, 2020

6.7K

BamA POTRA Domain Interacts with a Native Lipid Membrane Surface.

Patrick J Fleming1, Dhilon S Patel2, Emilia L Wu2

  • 1T. C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.

Biophysical Journal
|June 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The bacterial outer membrane

More Related Videos

Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy
10:49

Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: March 5, 2017

14.0K
Lipid Exchange Assay in Living Cells
08:59

Lipid Exchange Assay in Living Cells

Published on: March 21, 2025

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis
07:31

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis

Published on: July 16, 2020

6.7K
Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy
10:49

Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: March 5, 2017

14.0K
Lipid Exchange Assay in Living Cells
08:59

Lipid Exchange Assay in Living Cells

Published on: March 21, 2025

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane with unique lipid asymmetry.
  • This membrane houses beta-barrel proteins crucial for bacterial function.
  • The beta-barrel assembly machine (BAM) complex facilitates the insertion of these proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conformational dynamics of the POTRA domain within the full-length BamA protein.
  • To understand how membrane binding influences the POTRA domain's flexibility and interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized molecular dynamics simulations to model the BamA protein and its interactions.
  • Analyzed the conformational flexibility of the POTRA domain upon binding to a lipid membrane.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that binding to a native lipid membrane modulates the conformational flexibility of the BamA POTRA domain.
  • Showed that membrane-bound POTRA domain can interact with both BamB and BamD lipoproteins.
  • Suggests conformational selection plays a role in BAM-mediated beta-barrel protein insertion.

Conclusions:

  • The conformational flexibility of the BamA POTRA domain is regulated by its interaction with the bacterial outer membrane.
  • These findings provide insights into the mechanism of beta-barrel protein insertion by the BAM complex.
  • Highlights the importance of membrane interactions in protein assembly within Gram-negative bacteria.