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A study on limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) reactive material derived from dialyzers
T Yoshioka1, K Ikegami, K Ikemura
1Department of Traumatology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Japan.
The Japanese Journal of Surgery
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) reactive material, not an endotoxin, interacts with the horseshoe crab coagulation cascade. This material accumulates in circulation during hemodialysis in patients with renal failure.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Hematology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Horseshoe crab (Limulus) amebocytes possess a highly sensitive coagulation system.
- Bacterial endotoxins trigger this system, but Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) reactive material from cuproammonium rayon membranes behaves differently.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction of LAL reactive material with the Limulus coagulation cascade.
- To determine the in vivo behavior of LAL reactive material during hemodialysis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Limulus coagulation system, specifically excluding factor G (an alternative pathway substrate).
- Monitored plasma concentrations of LAL reactive material in patients undergoing acute and chronic hemodialysis.
Main Results:
- Confirmed that LAL reactive material does not act as an endotoxin and engages the alternative pathway of the Limulus coagulation cascade.
- Observed prolonged circulation of LAL reactive material.
- In acute hemodialysis, plasma levels rose to approximately 300 pg/ml.
- In chronic hemodialysis patients, pre-dialysis levels averaged 330.0 pg/ml, increasing by 70.6 pg/ml after four hours.
Conclusions:
- LAL reactive material interacts with the alternative pathway of the horseshoe crab coagulation system.
- Hemodialysis leads to the accumulation of LAL reactive material in patient circulation.