Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 19, 2026
12:01
Induction of Protein Deletion Through In Utero Electroporation to Define Deficits in Neuronal Migration in Transgenic Models
Published on: January 12, 2015
10.7K
Epigenetic mechanisms in neurogenesis
Bing Yao1, Kimberly M Christian2,3, Chuan He4,5
1Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
|June 24, 2016
Summary
Epigenetic mechanisms control brain development and function. Dysregulation of these processes, including DNA modifications and non-coding RNAs, contributes to brain disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Epigenetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Neural stem cells generate neurons and glia during development and in adulthood.
- Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA/histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, are crucial for neurogenesis.
- Altered epigenetic regulation is implicated in the development of brain disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding epigenetic regulation of neurogenesis.
- To discuss the role of epigenetic dysregulation in brain disorders.
- To highlight novel findings in DNA cytosine modifications and epitranscriptomics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on epigenetics and neurogenesis.
- Analysis of research on epigenetic mechanisms in brain development and disease.
- Inclusion of emerging topics like epitranscriptomics.
Main Results:
- Epigenetic factors play pivotal roles in regulating neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
- Aberrant epigenetic changes are linked to the pathogenesis of various neurological and psychiatric conditions.
- New DNA cytosine modifications and epitranscriptomic insights are expanding the field.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic regulation is fundamental to normal brain development and function.
- Understanding epigenetic dysregulation offers potential therapeutic targets for brain disorders.
- The field of epitranscriptomics presents new avenues for studying gene regulation in the brain.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:01Neuroplasticity
2.3K
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
2.3K
01:15Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
2.0K
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
2.0K
01:37Epigenetic Regulation
4.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
4.1K
01:46Epigenetic Regulation
34.2K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
34.2K
01:24Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
2.2K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
2.2K