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Related Concept Videos

Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

2.0K
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Inducing Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in a Mouse Model of Repetitive Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury
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Concussive convulsions: A YouTube video analysis.

Dalma Tényi1, Csilla Gyimesi1, Réka Horváth1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.

Epilepsia
|June 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Concussive convulsions, or seizure-like movements after concussion, involve immediate reflexes like the fencing response and a later phase of clonus. These phenomena may stem from brainstem and cortical disturbances, not epilepsy.

Keywords:
Brain traumaConcussive convulsionNonepileptic seizureSeizure semiology

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Traumatic Brain Injury

Background:

  • Concussions can trigger immediate motor phenomena, termed concussive convulsions.
  • Understanding these post-concussive movements is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the seizure-like motor phenomena occurring immediately after concussion, known as concussive convulsions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 25 YouTube videos depicting concussive convulsions from sports-related incidents.
  • Four independent observers documented head injury, motor symptoms, postictal phase, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Immediate responses included fencing posture, bear hug position, and leg extension, with fencing being most common.
  • A delayed phase of clonus (27 ± 19 s) was observed, with lateralization contralateral to the head impact.
  • Specific head movements and impact direction correlated with observed motor phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Concussive convulsions present in two phases: an early phase resembling neonatal reflexes (brainstem origin) and a later phase of clonus (cortical origin).
  • The motor symptoms are likely due to transient neuronal disturbance from mechanical forces, not epilepsy.