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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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[Kommerell's Diverticulum (KD)].

José Miguel Torres-Martel1, Gerardo Izaguirre-Guajardo1, César Iván Ramírez-Portillo1

  • 1Departamento de Cardiología Pediátrica, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Ciudad de México, México.

Gaceta Medica De Mexico
|June 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery is a rare vascular ring variant. Diagnosis via MRI, with surgery recommended for symptomatic cases or large diverticula.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Right aortic arch is a rare congenital anomaly, often presenting as an incomplete vascular ring.
  • Aberrant left subclavian artery arising from a Kommerell's diverticulum can cause tracheal or esophageal compression.
  • This anatomical variation necessitates accurate diagnostic approaches and timely intervention.

Observation:

  • Three consecutive cases of patients presenting with Kommerell's diverticulum, aberrant left subclavian artery, and right-sided aortic arch were identified.
  • Symptoms in these cases were attributed to extrinsic compression of the airway and esophagus.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized as the primary diagnostic modality.

Findings:

  • The study highlights the rarity of this specific combination of vascular anomalies.
  • Compression symptoms underscore the clinical significance of this condition.
  • MRI proved effective in delineating the complex anatomy and degree of compression.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for symptomatic patients to prevent complications.
  • Even asymptomatic patients with large Kommerell's diverticula may benefit from surgical consideration.
  • This case series contributes to the understanding of managing this rare congenital vascular anomaly.