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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Measures of endothelial dysfunction predict response to cardiac resynchronisation therapy.

David R Warriner1, Patricia Lawford2, Paul J Sheridan1

  • 1Medical Physics Group, Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Cardiology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK.

Open Heart
|June 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) can predict response to cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) in heart failure patients. Higher baseline FMD indicates a better response to CRT, aiding in patient selection.

Keywords:
Flow Mediated DilationHEART FAILURE

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Heart Failure Management

Background:

  • Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is a key treatment for heart failure (HF), improving patient outcomes.
  • Endothelial dysfunction, assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), is linked to HF progression and mortality.
  • FMD may help identify patients who will benefit most from CRT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether baseline flow-mediated dilation (FMD) can predict response to cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) in heart failure patients.
  • To determine if FMD can differentiate between responders and non-responders to CRT.

Main Methods:

  • Nineteen heart failure patients (NYHA classes II-IV) received CRT.
  • Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and clinical response markers were measured at baseline, 6, and 12 months post-CRT.

Main Results:

  • Fourteen patients responded to CRT, showing significant improvements in VO2, quality of life, and left ventricular volumes.
  • Non-responders had significantly higher baseline FMD (7.4±3.73%) compared to responders (2.9±1.9%).

Conclusions:

  • Baseline FMD is a significant predictor of response to CRT at both 6 and 12 months.
  • Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) effectively identifies responders to cardiac resynchronisation therapy, likely through endothelium-dependent mechanisms.