Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Intracranial Retrograde Cerebrospinal Fluid Dissemination of H3 K27-altered Glioma.

Journal of neurological surgery reports·2026

Same author

Human interpretable grammar encodes multicellular systems biology models to democratize virtual cell laboratories.

Cell·2025

Same author

Diagnostic Odyssey: Primary CNS Lymphoma (Lymphoma Cerebri) Presenting as Rapidly Progressive Dementia.

Case reports in hematology·2025

Same author

Surgical outcomes in high-grade adult type diffuse gliomas (ATDG) with a previous diagnosis of anaplastic astrocytoma without adjuvant therapy.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery·2025

Same author

Mask-based vs. frame-based stereotactic radiosurgery: A systematic review.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia·2025

Same author

Centriole structural integrity defects are a crucial feature of hydrolethalus syndrome.

The Journal of cell biology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

When Evaluating a New Thyroid Mass and a Ring-Enhancing Brain Lesion (When Two Presentations Collide).

Zachary Nicholas¹, Michael Sughrue², James Battiste³

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma.

|June 24, 2016

Summary

A patient initially diagnosed with thyroid cancer and brain metastases was re-evaluated and found to have Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This case highlights the importance of thorough investigation to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment for conditions like MS.

Keywords:

multiple sclerosis radiation therapy thyroid cancer thyroid nodule tumefactive

More Related Videos

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

Area of Science:

Neurology
Oncology
Radiology

Background:

Brain lesions and a thyroid nodule prompted a diagnosis of metastatic thyroid cancer.
The patient presented with expressive aphasia, leading to initial stroke workup and subsequent cancer diagnosis.

Observation:

Brain MRI revealed three enhancing lesions, including a ring-enhancing cystic lesion.
A chest CT identified a cystic thyroid lesion, diagnosed as thyroid cancer with brain metastases.
Further MRI review showed periventricular enhancing areas and open-ring lesions, atypical for metastases.

Findings:

Fine needle aspiration of the thyroid yielded benign histology.
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was positive for elevated protein and oligoclonal bands.
PET scan showed no FDG-avid masses, and tumor markers were negative.
Distinctive MRI findings, such as open-ring tumefactive lesions, are characteristic of Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Implications:

This case underscores the critical need for comprehensive diagnostic workup to differentiate between metastatic cancer and other neurological conditions like MS.
Recognizing specific imaging patterns, such as tumefactive MS lesions, can prevent misdiagnosis and potentially harmful treatments.
Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate patient management and avoiding unnecessary interventions.