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Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Microfluidic Devices for Characterizing Pore-scale Event Processes in Porous Media for Oil Recovery Applications
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Pore Scale Dynamics of Microemulsion Formation.

Evren Unsal1, Marc Broens1,2, Ryan T Armstrong1,3

  • 1Shell Global Solutions International, B. V. , 2288 GS Rijswijk, The Netherlands.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|June 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Fluid flow significantly alters microemulsion properties, challenging assumptions of equilibrium behavior. This study reveals complex interactions between flow patterns and microemulsion formation, crucial for enhanced oil recovery applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Petroleum Engineering

Background:

  • Understanding oil/water/surfactant systems is key for enhanced oil recovery due to microemulsion's ability to generate ultralow interfacial tension.
  • Most studies focus on equilibrium conditions, neglecting the dynamic effects of flow on microemulsion behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic in situ formation of microemulsion under flowing conditions.
  • To determine if flowing microemulsion characteristics differ from equilibrium conditions.
  • To explore the interplay between flow patterns and microemulsion properties.

Main Methods:

  • Studied equilibrium phase behavior of n-decane and olefin sulfonate surfactant solutions with varying salt content.
  • Utilized microfluidic flow experiments with a T-junction capillary.
  • Employed a solvatochromatic fluorescent dye for spatially resolved compositional analysis.

Main Results:

  • Observed complex interactions between flow patterns and microemulsion properties.
  • Demonstrated that microemulsion formation influences flow regimes, and vice versa.
  • Identified slug flow at low rates, significantly impacting pore-scale mixing and microemulsion characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Flowing conditions significantly alter oil/water/surfactant system behavior compared to equilibrium.
  • Microfluidic experiments provide critical insights into dynamic microemulsion formation.
  • Findings are vital for optimizing enhanced oil recovery processes.