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Splenitis in 33 Dogs.

F Ferri1, E Zini1,2,3, E Auriemma1

  • 11 Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy.

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|June 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Splenitis in dogs is uncommon, often linked to other diseases. While polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can detect pathogens, histological confirmation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment of canine splenitis.

Keywords:
PCRPseudomonasRasamsonia argillaceadoghistologyinflammationprognosisspleensplenitis

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Canine Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Diagnostics in Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Splenitis, or inflammation of the spleen, is infrequently documented in canine populations.
  • Understanding the causes and outcomes of canine splenitis is essential for effective clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence, clinical presentation, histological patterns, and etiological agents of splenitis in dogs.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) compared to histology for identifying causative agents of splenitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 660 canine splenic samples from 2005-2013.
  • Histopathological examination using various stains (H&E, Gram, Giemsa, etc.).
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting bacteria, fungi, and protozoa (Leishmania infantum, Hepatozoon canis).

Main Results:

  • Splenitis was diagnosed in 5% (33/660) of canine splenic samples.
  • Common clinical signs included weakness (49%) and fever (33%), with an 84% survival rate.
  • Purulent (27%) and pyogranulomatous (24%) splenitis were the most frequent patterns; concurrent diseases were present in 73% of cases.
  • PCR detected microorganisms in more cases than histology, but histological confirmation was often lacking, highlighting potential overdiagnosis with PCR alone.

Conclusions:

  • Canine splenitis is uncommon and frequently associated with systemic or concurrent diseases.
  • The prognosis for dogs with splenitis is generally favorable.
  • PCR detection of pathogens in spleens requires cautious interpretation due to frequent lack of histological confirmation.