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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical Physics
  • Gravitational Theory
  • Black Hole Physics

Background:

  • Supertranslation symmetries in gravitational theories lead to infinite conservation laws.
  • These laws necessitate black holes possessing soft (zero-energy) supertranslation hair.
  • Maxwell fields imply the existence of soft electric hair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an explicit description of soft hair.
  • To demonstrate holographic information storage of soft hair quantum states.
  • To explore implications for black hole evaporation and conservation laws.

Main Methods:

  • Describing soft hair using soft gravitons and photons on the black hole horizon.
  • Utilizing charge conservation to derive relations between black hole evaporation products.
  • Analyzing the physical realizability of localized soft hair.

Main Results:

  • Soft hair is explicitly described in terms of soft gravitons/photons at the black hole horizon.
  • Complete quantum state information of soft hair is stored on a holographic plate at the future boundary of the horizon.
  • Infinite exact relations are found between evaporation products of black holes with different soft hair.

Conclusions:

  • Soft hair degrees of freedom are proportional to the horizon area in Planck units.
  • Spatially localized soft hair below a Planck length is not physically realizable.
  • The study offers new insights into black hole thermodynamics and information paradox.