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Current advances in orthodontic pain.

Hu Long1, Yan Wang1, Fan Jian1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

International Journal of Oral Science
|June 25, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Orthodontic pain arises from inflammation and nerve signals, involving complex brain pathways. While some treatments like NSAIDs offer relief, future gene therapy holds promise for managing this discomfort.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Dental Medicine

Background:

  • Orthodontic pain is an inflammatory response to applied forces.
  • This involves vascular changes, immune cell recruitment, and mediator release.
  • Pain signals travel via trigeminal pathways to the sensory cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of orthodontic pain.
  • To review current and future treatment modalities for pain relief.
  • To understand the neural pathways involved in pain perception and modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of inflammatory and neurogenic mechanisms of orthodontic pain.
  • Analysis of neural pathways from periodontal endings to the brain.
  • Survey of current pharmacological, mechanical, behavioral, and laser therapies.
  • Exploration of gene therapy as a future treatment.

Main Results:

  • Orthodontic pain involves inflammation, vascular changes, and mediator release.
  • Pain perception involves trigeminal pathways and multiple brain regions.
  • Existing treatments like NSAIDs have validated efficacy but debated effects on tooth movement.
  • Gene therapy presents a promising future avenue for pain management.

Conclusions:

  • Orthodontic pain is a complex inflammatory and neurological process.
  • Current treatments offer partial relief, with ongoing research needed for others.
  • Gene therapy represents a novel and potential future solution for orthodontic pain.