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RAMESES II reporting standards for realist evaluations.

Geoff Wong1, Gill Westhorp2, Ana Manzano3

  • 1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK. grckwong@gmail.com.

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Summary

This study developed reporting standards for realist evaluations, a method increasingly used in health services. The new standards aim to improve the consistency, rigor, and accessibility of evaluation reports for stakeholders.

Keywords:
Delphi approachRealist evaluationReporting guidelines

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Evaluation Science
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Realist evaluation is a growing methodology in health services and other research fields.
  • No prior reporting standards existed for realist evaluations.
  • The RAMESES II project aimed to create initial reporting standards for this methodology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and establish initial reporting standards for realist evaluations.
  • To enhance the consistency, rigor, and accessibility of realist evaluation reports.

Main Methods:

  • A Delphi panel of international experts in realist evaluation was convened.
  • Literature reviews and expert experience informed the development of briefing materials.
  • A three-round online Delphi process was used to achieve consensus on reporting items.

Main Results:

  • 35 experts from 27 organizations across six countries participated.
  • Consensus was reached on 20 items for the reporting standards.
  • High response rates were achieved across all three Delphi rounds (94%, 76%, 80%).

Conclusions:

  • Reporting standards for realist evaluations have been established.
  • These standards are expected to improve reporting consistency and rigor.
  • The standards aim to make realist evaluation reports more useful for diverse stakeholders.