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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Characterization of Functionally Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma and their Engineering into Artificial Clusters for Gene Therapy
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miR-497 expression, function and clinical application in cancer.

Gang Yang1, Guangbing Xiong1, Zhe Cao1

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Oncotarget
|June 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) like miR-497 regulate gene expression and are crucial in cancer. This review details miR-497

Keywords:
biomarkercarcinogenesisclinical applicationmiR-497

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
  • miR-497 has emerged as a significant factor in the development and progression of various cancers.
  • Understanding miR-497's role is crucial for cancer research and therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the current literature on miR-497 in the context of cancer.
  • To elucidate the expression patterns, regulatory mechanisms, and functional roles of miR-497 in different cancer types.
  • To identify direct targets of miR-497 and explore its potential clinical applications as a biomarker and therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies on miR-497 and cancer.
  • Analysis of data on miR-497 expression levels in cancerous versus non-cancerous tissues.
  • Compilation of information on miR-497's regulatory pathways and its impact on cancer cell behavior.

Main Results:

  • miR-497 exhibits varied expression in different cancers, often acting as a tumor suppressor but occasionally as an oncogene.
  • Key regulatory mechanisms influencing miR-497 expression in cancer have been identified.
  • Direct targets of miR-497 involved in cancer progression have been elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • miR-497 plays a dual role in cancer, primarily suppressing tumors but also promoting oncogenesis in specific contexts.
  • miR-497 demonstrates potential as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for various cancers.
  • miR-497 represents a promising therapeutic target for future cancer treatments.