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Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Zinc Regulation Through ZnT1 Functionality
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Assessing zinc in humans.

Nicola M Lowe1

  • 1University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|June 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Assessing zinc status is challenging, as suboptimal intake affects 17% globally. Recent reviews highlight potentially useful biomarkers like hair zinc concentration and emerging ones such as DNA integrity for better zinc status evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Human Nutrition
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Suboptimal dietary zinc intake impacts approximately 17% of the global population.
  • Accurate assessment of zinc status remains a significant challenge in clinical and research settings.
  • Previous reviews (e.g., European Micronutrient Recommendations Aligned, 2007) have summarized available data on zinc biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on potential and emerging biomarkers for assessing zinc status in individuals.
  • To update the understanding of zinc biomarker utility based on the latest scientific evidence.
  • To identify promising new indicators for evaluating zinc nutritional status.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on biochemical biomarkers of zinc status (data up to 2007).
  • Extensive literature review by an international expert panel (2016) focusing on biomarkers for populations and individuals.
  • Categorization of biomarkers into 'useful', 'potentially useful', and 'emerging' based on evidence.

Main Results:

  • Useful biomarkers include dietary intake, serum zinc concentration, and stunting.
  • Potentially useful biomarkers identified are hair zinc concentration, urine zinc concentration, and neurobehavioral function.
  • Emerging biomarkers showing promise include nail zinc concentration, oxidative stress and DNA integrity markers, zinc kinetics, zinc-dependent proteins, and taste acuity.

Conclusions:

  • Further investigation is recommended for hair zinc concentration and neurological function indices (memory, attention) as potentially useful biomarkers.
  • Measurement of DNA integrity and the expression of zinc transport proteins are identified as promising emerging biomarkers.
  • Continued research into novel biomarkers is crucial for improving the assessment of zinc status and addressing global deficiencies.