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Related Concept Videos

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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Selenium supplementation for the preterm Indian neonate.

Geeta Gathwala1, Rahul Aggarwal2

  • 1Professor and Head, Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Services Division, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

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|June 29, 2016
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Selenium supplementation is crucial for preterm infants due to their low antioxidant defenses. Supplementing selenium may improve neonatal outcomes and prevent diseases linked to oxidative stress in very low-birth weight infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal nutrition and oxidative stress.
  • Biochemistry of antioxidant enzymes.

Background:

  • Preterm infants exhibit deficient antioxidant defenses, increasing susceptibility to diseases like bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis.
  • Low selenium stores are common in very low-birth weight (VLBW) infants, impacting their antioxidant capacity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of selenium supplementation in improving neonatal outcomes for VLBW infants.
  • To highlight the importance of selenium in combating oxidative stress in preterm neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on selenium's role in neonatal nutrition and antioxidant defense.
  • Analysis of the impact of selenium supplementation via parenteral and enteral routes.

Main Results:

  • Selenium is a vital component of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), an enzyme critical for neutralizing free radicals.
  • Supplementation may mitigate risks associated with oxidative stress in preterm infants.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium supplementation is essential for VLBW infants to bolster antioxidant defenses.
  • Adequate selenium levels are critical for preventing neonatal diseases linked to free radical damage.