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Hepatitis E in Israel: A nation-wide retrospective study
Ortal Erez-Granat1, Tamar Lachish1, Nili Daudi1
1Ortal Erez-Granat, Pediatrics Department, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 5262110, Israel.
World Journal of Gastroenterology
|June 29, 2016
Summary
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is present in Israel, with autochthonous cases primarily affecting pregnant women. Imported HEV infections often originate from the Indian subcontinent.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a significant public health concern globally.
- Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors of HEV is crucial for prevention and control, especially in industrialized nations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical course of acute HEV infection in Israel.
- To identify the sources and genotypes of HEV infections within an industrialized country.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of acute HEV cases diagnosed in Israel between 1993 and 2013.
- Case definition included elevated ALT/AST with positive HEV PCR or anti-HEV-IgM.
- HEV RNA sequencing for genotyping and epidemiological data collection via questionnaires.
Main Results:
- 68 acute HEV cases were diagnosed; 41% were autochthonous, 44% travel-related, and 15% imported by foreign workers.
- Autochthonous cases predominantly affected females, many pregnant, with potential links to sanitation and non-kosher meat consumption.
- Fulminant hepatitis occurred in 3 patients (5%), all females with autochthonous infections. Imported cases were linked to travel in the Indian subcontinent.
Conclusions:
- This study confirms Hepatitis E as an autochthonous infection in Israel.
- Imported HEV infections in Israel primarily originate from the Indian subcontinent.
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