Scapula behavior associates with fast sprinting in first accelerated running

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Human Movement Science
• Sports Science

Background:

• Arm swing is vital for lower limb coordination in sprinting.
• Scapular motion (scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joints) is a key component of arm swing.
• The specific role of the scapula in sprint initiation requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the influence of scapular constraint on sprint kinematics.
• To determine the role of the scapula in achieving high horizontal acceleration during sprint starts.

Main Methods:

• Ten athletes performed 5-m sprints under two conditions: scapular constraint (using therapy tape) and free motion.
• 16-camera motion capture system recorded sprinting kinematics.
• Sprint times and joint angles were analyzed at key phases of the first step.

Main Results:

• Scapular constraint significantly increased 2-m sprint time compared to the free condition.
• Constrained scapular movement led to reduced humerothoracic extension and smaller hip extension and foot forward leaning angles at takeoff.
• Forward leaning of the center of mass was greater in the free condition.

Conclusions:

• Scapular behavior during the initial acceleration phase of sprinting is essential for maximizing upper and lower limb movements.
• Scapular mobility facilitates the coordination of whole-body balance, contributing to faster sprint performance.
• These findings highlight the importance of scapular function in athletic endeavors requiring rapid acceleration.