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Developmental programming modulates olfactory behavior in C. elegans via endogenous RNAi pathways.

Jennie R Sims1, Maria C Ow1, Mailyn A Nishiguchi1

  • 1Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, United States.

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|June 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental stress programs gene expression in C. elegans. Post-stress, the osm-9 gene is down-regulated in specific neurons, altering olfactory behavior via chromatin remodeling and RNAi pathways.

Keywords:
C. elegansRNAiTGF-betachromatinchromosomesdauergenesneuroscienceosm-9postdauer

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Environmental stress during development can alter adult traits through gene expression.
  • The nematode C. elegans enters a dauer diapause pathway in response to stress, resuming development later.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how environmental stress impacts adult phenotypes in C. elegans.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying stress-induced changes in gene expression and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the osm-9 TRPV channel gene expression in postdauer C. elegans.
  • Identification of cis-acting regulatory elements and protein factors (DAF-3 SMAD, ZFP-1).
  • Investigation of chromatin remodeling and endo-siRNA pathways in gene regulation.

Main Results:

  • The osm-9 gene is specifically down-regulated in ADL chemosensory neurons of postdauer adults.
  • This down-regulation alters olfactory behavior in a manner dependent on ADL and OSM-9.
  • A cis-acting motif bound by DAF-3 SMAD and ZFP-1 is crucial for osm-9 differential regulation.
  • Chromatin remodeling and endo-siRNA pathways contribute to osm-9 transcriptional silencing.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental programming establishes lasting transcriptional changes in response to environmental stress.
  • The osm-9 gene serves as a model for how experience-dependent epigenetic modifications influence adult phenotype.
  • This study reveals a mechanism involving RNAi and chromatin remodeling that maintains altered gene expression post-stress.