Work engagement in professional nursing practice: A systematic review
Kacey Keyko1, Greta G Cummings1, Olive Yonge1
1Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Canada.
International Journal of Nursing Studies
|June 29, 2016
Summary
This systematic review synthesizes factors influencing registered nurses' work engagement. Findings led to the development of the Nursing Job Demands-Resources (NJD-R) model, offering a framework for practice and research.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Science
- Organizational Psychology
Background:
- Work engagement is crucial for addressing health system challenges like nursing shortages and quality of care.
- Existing research on work engagement in nursing lacks synthesis, hindering evidence-based practice and further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize the current knowledge on antecedents and outcomes of work engagement in professional nursing practice.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review was conducted using eight electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PROQUEST, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Business Source Complete) in October 2013.
- Included studies were quantitative and qualitative research examining relationships between work engagement and its antecedent or outcome factors.
- Data synthesis involved descriptive and narrative synthesis, with content analysis used for theme categorization.
Main Results:
- 18 studies were included after screening 3621 titles and abstracts.
- 77 influencing factors were categorized into six themes: organizational climate, job resources, professional resources, personal resources, job demands, and demographic variables.
- 17 outcomes were categorized into three themes: performance and care outcomes, professional outcomes, and personal outcomes.
- The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model was adapted into the Nursing Job Demands-Resources (NJD-R) model.
Conclusions:
- Numerous antecedents at multiple levels are associated with registered nurses' work engagement.
- Positive outcomes benefit both performance and individual nurses.
- The NJD-R model provides a framework for understanding evidence, guiding nursing research, practice, and policy.
- Nurse leaders can promote engagement by focusing on organizational resources.
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