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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.6K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.9K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.9K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.6K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
1.6K

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Air Filter Devices Including Nonwoven Meshes of Electrospun Recombinant Spider Silk Proteins
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Spin filter for arbitrary spins by substrate engineering.

Biplab Pal1, Rudolf A Römer, Arunava Chakrabarti

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal-741235, India.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|June 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a magnetic atom chain quantum device for filtering particles by spin. This spin filter technology works for various particle spins and shows robustness in different magnetic configurations.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Controlling particle spin is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • One-dimensional magnetic chains offer unique quantum properties.
  • Existing methods for spin manipulation are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and analyze a novel spin filter device.
  • To explore spin-polarized transport in magnetic atomic chains.
  • To investigate the applicability to ultracold quantum gases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a tight-binding formalism to model the magnetic chain.
  • Employed an analytical method to establish an analogy with ladder networks.
  • Applied transfer matrix formalism for calculating spin-polarized transport.

Main Results:

  • Engineered spectral gaps by selecting appropriate magnetic substrates.
  • Demonstrated a spin filter effect, allowing transmission for selected spin components.
  • Observed spin-flipping behavior in a 'spin spiral' geometry.

Conclusions:

  • The designed magnetic chain acts as a tunable spin filter.
  • Results are robust against deviations from ideal substrate conditions.
  • The scheme holds promise for applications in ultracold quantum gases and future experiments.