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Superconcentrated electrolytes for a high-voltage lithium-ion battery
Jianhui Wang1, Yuki Yamada1,2, Keitaro Sodeyama2,3,4
1Department of Chemical System Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
Nature Communications
|June 30, 2016
Summary
Researchers developed a novel electrolyte for high-voltage lithium-ion batteries. This superconcentrated solution of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiN(SO2F)2) in dimethyl carbonate prevents metal-ion dissolution, enabling longer battery life and enhanced safety.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Materials Science
- Energy Storage
Background:
- High-voltage lithium-ion batteries require stable electrolytes to prevent metal-ion dissolution.
- Conventional electrolytes with LiPF6 salt suffer from instability, leading to transition metal dissolution and aluminum oxidation at high voltages.
- Alternative stable lithium salts often cause severe aluminum oxidation, posing a significant challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design a novel electrolyte that overcomes the dilemma of metal-ion dissolution at high voltages.
- To achieve stable operation of 5V-class lithium-ion batteries by inhibiting both transition metal and aluminum dissolution.
- To develop a high-performance electrolyte for next-generation energy storage applications.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of a superconcentrated electrolyte using lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiN(SO2F)2) and dimethyl carbonate.
- Investigation of the electrolyte's structure, revealing a unique three-dimensional network of anions and solvent molecules strongly coordinating to Li+ ions.
- Electrochemical testing of a LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite battery utilizing the developed electrolyte.
Main Results:
- The superconcentrated LiN(SO2F)2/dimethyl carbonate electrolyte effectively inhibits both aluminum and transition metal dissolution around 5V.
- The developed electrolyte enables a high-voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite battery with excellent cycling durability.
- The battery demonstrates high rate capability and enhanced safety characteristics.
Conclusions:
- A novel electrolyte formulation based on superconcentrated LiN(SO2F)2/dimethyl carbonate effectively solves the metal-ion dissolution problem in high-voltage lithium-ion batteries.
- This breakthrough enables the development of stable and high-performance 5V-class lithium-ion batteries with improved longevity and safety.
- The findings pave the way for advanced energy storage solutions utilizing next-generation battery chemistries.
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