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Anaphylactic shock occurring outside hospitals.

H T Sørensen1, B Nielsen, J Ostergaard Nielsen

  • 1Department of Medicine, Thisted Hospital, Denmark.

Allergy
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Anaphylactic shock (AS) is rare outside hospitals, with oral penicillin being a significant cause. Many cases are preventable with available hypersensitivity tests and treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Anaphylactic shock (AS) is a severe allergic reaction.
  • Understanding the incidence and triggers of AS is crucial for public health.
  • Previous data may underestimate certain triggers like oral penicillin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and causes of anaphylactic shock in a defined population.
  • To identify common precipitating agents for anaphylactic shock.
  • To assess the preventability of recurrent anaphylactic shock episodes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of all anaphylactic shock cases within a 13-year hospital catchment area.
  • Data collection on patient demographics, precipitating agents, and outcomes.
  • Comparison of observed incidence with national health authority reports.

Main Results:

  • Twenty cases of anaphylactic shock were identified over 13 years, yielding an incidence of 3.2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants annually.
  • Penicillin (7 cases) and bee/wasp stings (8 cases) were the most frequent triggers, followed by aspirin (3) and food (2).
  • Oral penicillin-induced AS was more common than previously reported; one fatality occurred.

Conclusions:

  • Anaphylactic shock outside of a hospital setting is uncommon.
  • Oral penicillin is a more significant cause of AS than previously recognized.
  • Preventable episodes of AS can be reduced through available hypersensitivity testing and desensitization therapies for triggers like hymenoptera venoms.

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