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Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
Published on: February 16, 2022
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Nitric Oxide: A Universal Modulator of Brain Function.
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Innsbruck, mailing address: Hoehenstrasse 106, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Athineos.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
|July 1, 2016
Summary
Nitric oxide (NO) is present in the brain and oscillates rhythmically. This endogenous NO modulates neurotransmitter release, influencing brain functions like stress response and signal integration.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurochemistry
Background:
- Investigates the presence, origin, and functional role of nitric oxide (NO) in the brain.
- Builds upon foundational work by Furchgott, Ignaro, and Murad.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the presence and functional role of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) within brain structures.
- To outline findings on NO's origin and its modulatory effects on neurotransmission.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the push-pull superfusion technique for quantitative analysis of endogenous transmitters.
- Employed a NO sensor for online determination of NO release alongside neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft.
Main Results:
- Endogenous NO release exhibits ultradian rhythmicity (approx. 24 min cycles), mirroring neurotransmitter release and EEG delta band activity.
- NO modulates the release of key neurotransmitters including acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, serotonin, and histamine.
- NO influences brain functions such as blood pressure regulation, stress responses, signal integration, and is implicated in amphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.
Conclusions:
- Endogenous NO plays a universal modulatory role in the brain.
- NO's diverse influences on neuronal activity, brain functions, and afferent signal integration are significant.
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