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Aging, nutrient choice, activity, and behavioral responses to nutrients.

H R Lieberman1, J J Wurtman, M H Teicher

  • 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Elderly adults consume fewer calories and carbohydrates than younger adults and are more active and alert. Meal composition significantly impacts mood and alertness, with age influencing sensitivity to these effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Nutrient intake, activity, and behavior patterns change with age.
  • Understanding these age-related differences is crucial for maintaining health and well-being in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare nutrient consumption, activity patterns, and behavior between young and elderly adults.
  • To investigate the behavioral effects of high-protein versus high-carbohydrate meals on different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Direct measurement of nutrient intake, activity (using monitors and questionnaires), and behavior in 86 young and elderly volunteers in a controlled environment.
  • Administration of isocaloric high-protein and high-carbohydrate meals at breakfast and dinner, followed by behavioral tasks.

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Main Results:

  • Elderly adults consumed fewer calories, carbohydrates, and fats than younger adults, with no difference in protein intake after adjusting for body weight.
  • Elderly subjects were more active and alert, especially in the morning.
  • Protein meals at breakfast induced fatigue in young adults, while carbohydrate meals at dinner induced fatigue, an effect less pronounced in the elderly.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences exist in nutrient intake, mood, and activity levels between young and elderly adults, even in a controlled setting.
  • Meal composition interacts with meal timing to influence behavior and alertness, with age-related variations in sensitivity.