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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

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Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
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Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems01:27

Two Components: Liquid–Liquid Systems

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A pressure-composition phase diagram explicitly describes the behavior of an ideal solution of two volatile liquids under varying pressures and compositions. A pressure-composition diagram has two main curves. The bubble point curve represents the plot of pressure versus liquid mole fraction. It indicates the pressure at which the first bubble of vapor forms from the liquid phase as the system pressure decreases.The dew point curve is the pressure versus vapor mole fraction. It indicates the...
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Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters01:19

Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters

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Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
Flippase
Eukaryotic flippases are type-IV P-type ATPases or P4-ATPases belonging to P-type ATPase family proteins that are membrane-bound pumps involved in the ATP-mediated transport of ions and molecules across the membrane. Flippases flip specific phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane. All P4-ATPases have one...
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Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

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Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.
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Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins01:18

Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins

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Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while solubilizing the membrane proteins. When detergent monomers reach a specific concentration in a solution called critical micelle concentration (CMC), they form micelles. Above CMC, the concentration of the detergent monomers remains in equilibrium with the micelle. The number of detergent monomers present in the CMC varies for each detergent, and...
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Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
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Janus Membranes: Exploring Duality for Advanced Separation.

Hao-Cheng Yang1, Jingwei Hou2, Vicki Chen3

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Janus membranes, materials with opposing interfacial properties, enable selective transport. This review defines them, covers fabrication, and explores applications in directional flow and switchable permeation.

Keywords:
hydrophobic effectinterfacesmaterials sciencemembranessurface chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Janus membranes are defined as materials exhibiting distinct properties on opposing sides of an interface.
  • Their unique structure leads to selective and often novel transport phenomena.
  • This contrasts with conventional asymmetric membranes.

Approach:

  • This minireview introduces a precise definition of Janus membranes.
  • Common fabrication strategies for creating these advanced materials are outlined.
  • Mechanisms underlying their transport characteristics are discussed.

Key Points:

  • Janus membranes facilitate directional transport across interfaces.
  • They enable switchable permeation, allowing controlled passage of substances.
  • Applications focus on optimizing performance through tailored interfacial properties.

Conclusions:

  • Janus membranes represent a significant advancement in materials science.
  • Their unique properties offer potential for innovative applications in separation and transport processes.
  • Further research into fabrication and application is warranted.