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Parasitic leiomyomas: a systematic review.
Iñaki Lete1, Janire González2, Lorea Ugarte2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain; School of Medicine, Basque Country University, Vitoria, Spain; BioAraba Research Unit, Vitoria, Spain.
Summary
Parasitic leiomyomas are rare tumors. The use of laparoscopic power morcellation in surgeries has led to an increase in reported cases of parasitic leiomyomas, often presenting as disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis.
Area of Science:
- Gynecology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Parasitic leiomyomas, a rare condition, were first documented in 1909.
- Recent surgical advancements, including laparoscopic procedures and power morcellation, have been linked to an increase in reported parasitic leiomyoma cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and summarize the existing literature on parasitic leiomyomas.
- To analyze patient demographics, surgical history, and clinical presentations associated with parasitic leiomyomas.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar.
- Keywords included 'leiomyoma,' 'uterine neoplasms,' 'laparoscopy,' 'hysterectomy,' 'peritoneal neoplasms,' and 'parasitic.'
- Inclusion criteria focused on papers describing parasitic leiomyomas, with exclusions for malignancies.
Main Results:
- A systematic review included 103 papers, detailing 274 patients with parasitic leiomyomas.
- The average age of affected women was 40 years.
- Nearly half (44%) had a prior uterine surgery history, and 39% had undergone power morcellation. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom, and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis was the frequent presentation.
Conclusions:
- Despite being a long-recognized condition, parasitic leiomyoma cases have become more frequently reported.
- Laparoscopic power morcellation appears to be a contributing factor to the increased reporting of parasitic leiomyomas.
