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Diffusion phenomena during artificial carious lesion formation.

J D Featherstone

    Journal of Dental Research
    |October 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Artificial tooth decay was simulated using lactic acid and diphosphonate. Diphosphonate affected surface layer thickness, while lactic acid and pH influenced lesion depth, indicating diffusion by uncharged molecules.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Dental Research
    • Chemical Analysis

    Background:

    • Dental caries is a complex disease involving demineralization and remineralization of tooth enamel.
    • Understanding the diffusion and dissolution processes in enamel is crucial for developing effective caries prevention strategies.
    • Previous studies have explored various agents for artificial caries production, but the specific roles of different chemical species require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the formation of artificial carious lesions in human enamel using lactic acid buffers and diphosphonate.
    • To determine the relationship between the concentrations of lactic acid [HL] and diphosphonate [MHDP] and the resulting lesion characteristics (surface layer thickness, body, and inner zone depths).
    • To elucidate the diffusion and dissolution mechanisms involved in enamel demineralization.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Main Methods:

    • Artificial carious lesions were created in human enamel specimens.
    • Lactic acid [HL] buffers were used in conjunction with diphosphonate [MHDP].
    • Surface layer thickness and depths of the middle (body) and inner zones of the lesions were measured and correlated with chemical parameters.

    Main Results:

    • The thickness of the surface layer of artificial carious lesions was found to be related to the concentration of diphosphonate [MHDP].
    • The depths of the middle (body) and inner zones of the lesions were influenced by lactic acid [HL] concentration and pH.
    • Diffusion of species within the enamel appeared to be predominantly by un-ionized forms, such as lactic acid [HL] and calcium hydrogen phosphate (CaHPO4).
    • Dissolution of enamel was primarily mediated by hydrogen ions (H+) and lactate ions (L-).

    Conclusions:

    • Diphosphonate [MHDP] plays a significant role in controlling the surface layer formation during artificial caries development.
    • Lactic acid [HL] and pH are key factors determining the progression of demineralization into the deeper zones of enamel.
    • The findings suggest that un-ionized species are the primary carriers for diffusion within the enamel matrix, while ions drive the dissolution process.