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Adherence to Technology-Based Exercise Programs in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Trinidad Valenzuela1,2, Yoshiro Okubo1,3, Ashley Woodbury1

  • 1Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

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Summary

Technology-based exercise programs show high adherence in older adults, offering an engaging way to improve physical activity and potentially prevent falls. Enjoyment is a key factor in this increased adherence.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Science
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Low exercise participation and adherence are common challenges in older adults.
  • Technology-based exercise programs may overcome barriers and improve adherence.
  • Previous reviews suggest technology can enhance physical functioning in seniors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the literature on older adults' acceptability and adherence to technology-based exercise interventions.
  • To provide an in-depth description and discussion of technology's potential to improve exercise adherence in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic database search (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, EMB Reviews, Cochrane Library) up to May 2015.
  • Inclusion of randomized controlled trials, clinical controlled trials, and parallel group trials reporting adherence.
  • Adherence defined as the percentage of prescribed exercise sessions attended.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-two studies included, with participants aged 67-86 years.
  • Higher adherence rates (median 91.25%) were observed for technology-based interventions compared to traditional ones (median 83.58%).
  • Enjoyment was a significant factor contributing to higher adherence with technology-based programs.

Conclusions:

  • Technology-based exercise is well-accepted by older adults, demonstrating high adherence in supervised and unsupervised settings for up to 12 weeks.
  • These interventions may offer a sustainable method for promoting physical activity and preventing falls in seniors.
  • Further research is needed on long-term home-based programs, focusing on feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness.