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Factors Affecting Mobility after Knee Arthroplasty.

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Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) did not significantly improve mobility at six months compared to pre-surgery levels. However, self-efficacy for walking and functional ability were key factors influencing mobility post-TKA.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Restricted mobility is a significant challenge for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
  • Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to alleviate pain and enhance walking ability in knee OA patients.
  • Understanding the temporal changes in mobility and influencing factors post-TKA is crucial for patient recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the time course of mobility changes following TKA.
  • To identify factors that influence mobility outcomes at six months post-TKA.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 62 patients undergoing TKA.
  • Evaluations included mobility (Life Space Assessment; LSA), self-efficacy (modified Gait Efficacy Scale; mGES), physical function (quadriceps strength, Timed Up and Go; TUG), and knee function (Knee Society Score) at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.
  • Statistical analysis identified factors affecting mobility at six months.

Main Results:

  • Mobility (LSA) and walking self-efficacy (mGES) scores decreased at 1 month post-TKA but improved by 3 and 6 months, returning to preoperative levels.
  • Significant improvements were observed in quadriceps strength, TUG test performance, Knee Society Score, and pain from pre- to 6-month postoperative assessments.
  • At 6 months post-TKA, mGES and TUG scores were significant predictors of mobility outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Mobility after TKA at six months is comparable to preoperative levels.
  • Self-efficacy for walking tasks and functional capacity are critical determinants of mobility improvement after TKA.
  • Targeting these factors may enhance rehabilitation strategies for TKA patients.