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Measuring medical students' empathy using direct verbal expressions.

Yera Hur1, A Ra Cho2, Sun Kim2

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Medical students demonstrated low empathy, with most responses being non-empathetic. This highlights a critical need for practical empathy training programs in medical education to improve physician-patient relationships.

Keywords:
Communication skillsEmpathyMedical educationPhysician-patient relationsProfessionalism

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Psychology
  • Healthcare Communication

Background:

  • Physician empathy is crucial for effective physician-patient relationships.
  • Developing empathy in medical students is a key objective in medical curricula.
  • Assessing empathy through direct verbal expressions offers practical insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To practically assess the empathy levels of medical students.
  • To identify factors influencing empathy in medical students.
  • To inform the development of targeted empathy training interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the modified Pencil-and-Paper Empathy Rating Test (2001).
  • Assessed 605 medical students using a 40-point scale.
  • Analyzed data with descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and one-way ANOVA (SPSS v21.0).

Main Results:

  • Overall low empathy scores observed (mean=12.13, SD=2.55).
  • 78.6% of responses were classified as non-empathetic.
  • Significant differences in empathy noted by gender (females > males), school type (medical school > college), and academic year (later years > pre-medical).

Conclusions:

  • Medical students exhibit a significant deficit in empathy.
  • There is a clear need for practical, content-rich empathy enhancement training programs.
  • Interventions should consider gender, institutional type, and academic progression.