Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Influenza01:27

Influenza

5
Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
5
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.8K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.8K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

1.2K
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
1.2K
Types of Intermediate Filaments01:31

Types of Intermediate Filaments

5.1K
The intermediate filaments are an essential component of the cytoskeleton. Presently six types of intermediate filament have been identified. Type I and II are acidic and basic keratin proteins. Type III is of mesodermal origin and comprises four proteins: vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and peripherin. Vimentin is commonly found in mesenchymal cells, desmin in muscle cells, GFAP in astrocytes, while peripherin is found in peripheral nervous system neurons (PNS). Type...
5.1K
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

25.5K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
25.5K
Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments01:28

Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments

2.8K
Fimbriae and pili are specialized bacterial surface structures that play pivotal roles in adhesion, genetic exchange, and motility. Composed primarily of pilin protein, these hairlike appendages are crucial for bacterial survival and pathogenicity in various environments.Fimbriae: Adhesion and PathogenicityFimbriae are fine, filamentous structures measuring 2–10 nanometers in diameter and are densely distributed on the bacterial cell surface. They facilitate bacterial adhesion to abiotic...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mutations to the HCoV-229E spike have counterbalancing effects on serum antibody neutralization and receptor binding.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Identification of a novel fiber shaft structural motif and overexpression of key transcripts elucidated in human adenovirus D 10.

PLoS pathogens·2026
Same author

Influenza hemagglutinin subtypes have different sequence constraints despite sharing extremely similar structures.

Virus evolution·2026
Same author

Molecular architecture of Influenza A virions.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Evaluation of an H5 influenza virus mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine in lactating dairy cows.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Stabilization of the H5 clade 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin improves vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses in mice.

Science translational medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Production of High-Titer Infectious Influenza Pseudotyped Particles with Envelope Glycoproteins from Highly Pathogenic H5N1 and Avian H7N9 Viruses
08:10

Production of High-Titer Infectious Influenza Pseudotyped Particles with Envelope Glycoproteins from Highly Pathogenic H5N1 and Avian H7N9 Viruses

Published on: January 15, 2020

9.0K

Filamentous influenza viruses.

Bernadeta Dadonaite1, Swetha Vijayakrishnan2, Ervin Fodor1

  • 1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.

The Journal of General Virology
|July 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Influenza virus can form long filamentous particles, a shape often missed in lab studies. This review explores the structure and potential role of these elongated virions in influenza infections.

More Related Videos

Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination
06:17

Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination

Published on: June 2, 2016

22.9K
Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
09:35

Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes

Published on: February 9, 2009

13.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Production of High-Titer Infectious Influenza Pseudotyped Particles with Envelope Glycoproteins from Highly Pathogenic H5N1 and Avian H7N9 Viruses
08:10

Production of High-Titer Infectious Influenza Pseudotyped Particles with Envelope Glycoproteins from Highly Pathogenic H5N1 and Avian H7N9 Viruses

Published on: January 15, 2020

9.0K
Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination
06:17

Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination

Published on: June 2, 2016

22.9K
Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
09:35

Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes

Published on: February 9, 2009

13.5K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Clinical influenza virus isolates exhibit pleomorphism, producing both spherical and extremely long filamentous virions.
  • Laboratory-adapted influenza strains predominantly yield spherical virions, leading to the underrepresentation of the filamentous form in research.
  • Recent advancements in imaging techniques and animal models have renewed interest in the distinct characteristics and clinical significance of filamentous influenza virions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge regarding the structure of filamentous influenza virus particles.
  • To discuss the potential functional relevance and roles of filamentous virions in clinical influenza infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on influenza virus morphology and clinical relevance.
  • Synthesis of data from recent imaging studies and animal models focusing on filamentous virions.

Main Results:

  • Filamentous influenza virions possess unique structural properties distinct from spherical forms.
  • The filamentous phenotype, though often overlooked, may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of influenza.

Conclusions:

  • Filamentous influenza virions represent an important, yet understudied, aspect of influenza virus biology.
  • Further research into filamentous virions is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of influenza virus infection and disease progression.