Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Impact of Schemas01:30

Impact of Schemas

259
Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...
259
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

3.3K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
3.3K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

14.0K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
14.0K
Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes01:15

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

254
Cognitive processes affect social behavior by guiding how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to social stimuli. These mental processes enable individuals to assess others' behaviors, attribute causes to their actions, and form expectations based on past experiences.Causes of Behavior and Social JudgmentsIndividuals determine the causes of others' behaviors by distinguishing between personal traits and external circumstances. For example, if a friend frequently arrives late, an...
254
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

95.9K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.9K
Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory01:29

Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory

851
Attribution theory plays a crucial role in social psychology, helping to explain how individuals interpret the causes of behavior. One prominent model within this field is Harold Kelley's covariation theory, which provides a systematic approach to determining whether internal traits or external circumstances drive a person's actions. The model posits that individuals rely on three key types of information—consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness—to make these judgments.Consensus:...
851

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ManyNumbers 3: A Multi-Lab Study of Demographic Correlates of Early Number Knowledge.

Developmental science·2026
Same author

Adults' number gestures focus children on numeracy.

Cognition·2026
Same author

Systematic variation in proportion judgments: Spatial features impact adults' strategies and decisions.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
Same author

Patient Portal Engagement in Oncology: Results From the NU IMPACT Study in a Large Health Care System.

JCO clinical cancer informatics·2025
Same author

Choosing the One Who Sees You: Emotional Responsiveness as a Cue in Children's Help-Seeking.

Developmental science·2025
Same author

Disrupting mitochondrial β-oxidation by depletion of HADHA impairs primary ciliogenesis.

Scientific reports·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
06:58

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

7.9K

How do generic statements impact performance? Evidence for entity beliefs.

Daeun Park1, Marjorie W Schaeffer2, Kyle M Nolla3

  • 1Department of Child Welfare, Chungbuk National University, Korea.

Developmental Science
|July 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Generic statements about social groups harm children's performance by fostering fixed beliefs about ability. Effort-based explanations, however, can mitigate this negative impact, improving motivation and learning.

More Related Videos

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.9K
Exploring the Role of Deontic Reasoning and World Knowledge in Wason´s Selection Task
06:08

Exploring the Role of Deontic Reasoning and World Knowledge in Wason´s Selection Task

Published on: July 22, 2025

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
06:58

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

7.9K
Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.9K
Exploring the Role of Deontic Reasoning and World Knowledge in Wason´s Selection Task
06:08

Exploring the Role of Deontic Reasoning and World Knowledge in Wason´s Selection Task

Published on: July 22, 2025

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Generic statements about social groups, such as "Girls/Boys are good at this game," can negatively impact children's performance.
  • These effects persist even when the statements are favorable to the child's own social group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism through which generic language impairs children's performance.
  • To explore how different types of explanations accompanying generic statements affect children's performance.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted to examine the impact of generic statements on children's performance.
  • Researchers compared performance between children exposed to generic statements and control groups.
  • The study analyzed the effects of effort-based versus trait-based explanations paired with generic statements.

Main Results:

  • Generic statements led to worse performance by creating an entity belief, linking ability to fixed traits.
  • The negative impact on performance occurred even when the source of the statement was absent.
  • Effort-based explanations improved performance compared to no explanation or trait-based explanations.

Conclusions:

  • Generic statements about social group abilities can hinder children's performance by promoting fixed mindset beliefs.
  • Effort-based explanations can counteract the detrimental effects of generic statements, fostering a growth mindset.
  • Findings inform educational practices to enhance student motivation and learning by carefully framing ability-related statements.