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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Tissue Engineering of the Intestine in a Murine Model
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SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME IN CHILDREN.

M M Harjai1, B Puri2, N B Amaresh3

  • 1Reader in Surgery and Paediatric Surgeon, Department of Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune - 411040.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|July 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Short bowel syndrome, a condition causing malabsorption after intestinal resection, has seen improved outcomes with medical therapies and total parenteral nutrition. Intestinal transplantation is crucial when adaptation fails or parenteral nutrition complications arise.

Keywords:
AdaptationIntestinal transplantationSmall bowel syndromeSmall gut syndromeTotal parenteral nutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Surgical Sciences

Background:

  • Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a severe complication following major intestinal resection, characterized by malabsorption and diarrhea.
  • Recent advancements have improved patient outcomes through a deeper understanding of SBS and its associated complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding and management strategies for short bowel syndrome.
  • To highlight the evolving therapeutic landscape, including medical, nutritional, and surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of medical and surgical management of short bowel syndrome.
  • Analysis of the impact of total parenteral nutrition and medical therapies on SBS outcomes.
  • Evaluation of the role of intestinal transplantation in refractory cases.

Main Results:

  • Medical therapies, including H2 receptor antagonists, loperamide, and growth hormone analogues, have demonstrated efficacy.
  • Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has significantly improved the management and outcomes of SBS.
  • Surgical interventions aimed at slowing transit or lengthening the intestine have not gained widespread clinical acceptance.
  • Intestinal transplantation is a key option for patients with inadequate intestinal adaptation or TPN-related complications.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of short bowel syndrome involves a multi-faceted approach.
  • Medical therapies and TPN are cornerstones of current SBS treatment.
  • Intestinal transplantation offers a life-saving option for complex and refractory cases of short bowel syndrome.