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Ultrasonic pachymeter: a little different role.

Alok Sati1, Deepak Kalra2, Rakesh Maggon3

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Summary

Phacoemulsification leads to the quickest corneal thickness recovery after cataract surgery compared to SICS and ECCE. Ultrasonic pachymetry effectively tracks these changes, aiding in visual rehabilitation assessments.

Keywords:
ECCESICScorneal thicknessphacoemulsificationultrasonic pachymeter

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Ultrasonic pachymetry is utilized beyond refractive surgery and glaucoma evaluation.
  • It can assess corneal thickness changes after various cataract extraction methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the changes in corneal thickness following three cataract surgery techniques: extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE), small incision cataract surgery (SICS), and phacoemulsification.
  • To evaluate the role of ultrasonic pachymetry in monitoring postoperative corneal healing.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 600 patients divided into three groups (200 eyes each) undergoing ECCE, SICS, or phacoemulsification.
  • Corneal thickness was measured using ultrasonic pachymetry pre-operatively and on days 1, 2, 7, 15, and 30 postoperatively.

Main Results:

  • Pre-operative mean central corneal thickness was 525.35 ± 32.34 μm.
  • Postoperative corneal thickness significantly increased, with recovery to pre-operative levels achieved earliest with phacoemulsification (by day 2), followed by SICS (by day 7), and ECCE (by day 15) in the central cornea.
  • Similar trends were observed in other quadrants, with the inferior cornea showing rapid recovery by day 2 across all techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Phacoemulsification facilitates the earliest visual rehabilitation and corneal thickness normalization post-surgery.
  • Inferior cornea exhibits the greatest thickness at the mid-periphery.
  • Ultrasonic pachymetry is a valuable tool for monitoring corneal healing and visual recovery after cataract surgery.