Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

19.4K

Tubercular meningitis in children: Clinical, pathological, and radiological profile and factors associated with

Anil V Israni1, Divya A Dave2, Anirban Mandal1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice
|July 2, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Childhood tuberculous meningitis (TBM) has nonspecific symptoms. Advanced disease stage, low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) are key predictors of mortality in pediatric TBM cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in developing nations.
  • Tubercular meningitis (TBM) is a severe complication of childhood TB, associated with high mortality and morbidity rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the clinicopathological and radiological characteristics of childhood tuberculous meningitis (TBM).
  • To identify prognostic factors influencing outcomes in pediatric TBM.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational study was conducted on 47 children under 14 years diagnosed with TBM in Western India.
  • Diagnosis involved predefined criteria, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, British Medical Council staging, Mantoux testing, chest X-rays, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and neuroimaging.

Main Results:

  • Fever and meningismus were the most common presenting symptoms and signs, respectively.
  • 62% of cases presented with Stage III disease. Mortality was linked to Stage III disease, low GCS, and raised ICP.
  • Neuroimaging and CSF findings did not reliably predict mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood TBM often presents with non-specific clinical features, complicating early diagnosis.
  • Advanced disease stage (Stage III), low GCS, lack of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, and elevated ICP are significant adverse prognostic indicators in pediatric TBM.
Abstract

Keywords:
Childrendeveloping countrymeningitismortalitytuberculosis

More Related Videos

Imaging Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mice with Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence10:06

Imaging Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mice with Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence

Published on: February 26, 2018

7.9K

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
1.3K
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
2
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
1.9K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
619
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
1.2K
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
2